The following elements may be used to complement regulations with regard to sanctions and accompanying measures. The elements can be used both to establish sanctions that apply automatically by virtue of the law and to give authorities or courts/tribunals discretionary powers. Continue reading List of Sanctions and Accompanying Measures
All posts by Manfred Kohler
List of Powers for Authorities / List of Obligations
The following elements may be used in regulations to:
- authorise public authorities to act in a particular way vis-à-vis natural or legal persons, other public authorities or other States;
- oblige natural or legal persons and authorities to take certain measures directly by virtue of the regulation. Continue reading List of Powers for Authorities / List of Obligations
Which Large Language Models are best for regulatory work?
The Regulatory Institute has carried out a number of tests of Large Language Models (LLM) with a view to regulatory work. Some of the tests also aimed to establish whether its model laws were the most comprehensive reference laws in their respective sectors. This article presents the main results, including a surprising ranking of LLM performance. It also draws some conclusions on the best approach to designing comprehensive, relatively complete laws. Continue reading Which Large Language Models are best for regulatory work?
Cross-sectoral Standard Provisions for Regulation
This document contains mostly very general provisions. It is intended as a source of inspiration for those drafting laws and other forms of regulation in any regulatory or policy area. Readers are invited to select provisions that they consider useful for their specific regulatory or legislative task and to adapt them to their specific needs. No provision should be taken without considering the need for adaptation. Continue reading Cross-sectoral Standard Provisions for Regulation
Convention on Risks to the Existence of Humankind (“existential risks”)
This Convention is not intended to replace existing policy-related international agreements dealing with risks. Instead, it is designed to create an enhanced extra layer for situations where risks start threatening the existence of humankind and thus become “existential risks”.
Continue reading Convention on Risks to the Existence of Humankind (“existential risks”)
Climate Change Laws
Several recent crises have pushed climate change out of the political spotlight. However, it is still an issue that is attracting significant legislative activity and will continue to do so because of the increasingly apparent catastrophic consequences of climate change. Continue reading Climate Change Laws
Model Law on Corruption
Corruption remains one of the foremost challenges faced by countries worldwide. Its destructive effects impact societies, economies, and individuals globally, with developing nations bearing the brunt of this widespread issue.
While many countries have implemented anti-corruption regulations, their effectiveness may be limited. To address this gap, the Regulatory Institute presents its Model Law on Corruption. Continue reading Model Law on Corruption
Reference Laws and Recommendations for the Fight against Corruption
This short article recommends laws and other references for law-makers who are drafting a law against corruption. It also lists elements to be considered for integration into anti-corruption laws. Continue reading Reference Laws and Recommendations for the Fight against Corruption
Choosing regulatory topics
This Article claims that jurisdictions do not necessarily select their regulatory topics in a rational manner. It introduces criteria and a reflection framework to decide whether a specific topic should be subject to regulation.
Continue reading Choosing regulatory topics
The tragedy of business lobbying for “less regulation”
Business associations and individual economic actors often lobby for “less regulation”. Politicians and officials often feel obliged to follow this call. In some jurisdictions, even entire regulatory policy departments have been created to limit the quantity and the heaviness of regulation. As a consequence, regulations sometimes become “light”, containing general provisions and leaving details out. In this article, we claim that businesses are partly shooting themselves into the foot by calling for “less regulation” instead of “less obligations”. We also state that we are all better served by more and more detailed provisions. Continue reading The tragedy of business lobbying for “less regulation”